Small variation of annual temperature in deep tunnel can produce annual variation in tilt and strain     

孙玉军  李杰  曹建玲  卢双苓  石耀霖 《地震学报(英文版)》2008,21(5):464-473

In this paper,finite element method (FEM) of axisymmetric linear elastic model has been used to calculate the tilt and strain induced by small annual temperature variations in a deep tunnel. The results show that even if the am-plitude of the annual variation meets the construction standard of seismic station issued by China Earthquake Ad-ministration (the annual temperature variation amplitude in the tunnel is no more than 0.5 °C),a small annual tem-perature variation of amplitude just 0.2 °C in the tunnel would produce 10?7 rad changes in tilt and 10?7 changes in strain. Especially,at the end and the corner of the tunnel,changes of tilt and strain can be even larger. Therefore,in the future,it is an important task to reduce the annual temperature variation in the tunnel as far as possible. Within the tunnel,for both baseline instrument and pendulum instrument,the modeling suggests ways of construction of the tunnel and installation of the instrument to decrease the influence of the annual temperature variation.  相似文献   

哈萨克斯坦卡帕尔-阿拉善4号井氦气（He）含量映震特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔勇  杨晓芳  陈玲  鲁娜  魏若萍  李新勇 《内陆地震》2008,22(3):243-251

介绍了哈萨克斯坦卡帕尔-阿拉善4号井的水文地球化学环境,分析其17年氦气（He）含量变化映震特征,氦气（He）变化的地震前兆异常表现为：上升（或下降）幅度、速率变化超出正常范围,具有较好的重复性,测值遵循的是,背景值－趋势性上升（或突升）,趋势性下降（或突降）－恢复至背景值的变化过程。将该井氦气（He）观测数据经过滤波、差分处理后,以3倍均方差作为异常识别标准,结果表明：氦气（He）对监测点周围300km范围5级地震、400km范围6级地震的对映率分别为100％、66．7％,是较好的地震前兆手段之一。  相似文献   

基于平面应变简化假定的桩扭转振动理论精度研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

胡昌斌  张涛 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(3):122-130

利用拉普拉斯变换对考虑桩土耦合扭转振动条件下,桩顶受到任意激振扭矩作用的端承桩桩顶频域及时域响应进行解析求解,推导求得了桩顶位移、速度频域响应,桩顶复阻抗的解析表达式和半正弦脉冲激励作用下的桩顶时域响应半解析解;将本文所得理论解与基于平面应变假定的桩基扭转耦合振动的频域解和时域解进行了全面对比研究,具体比较范围涉及土层对桩的局部复阻抗、桩顶复频响应、速度导纳、桩顶复刚度和桩顶时域响应等方面,并得到若干重要结论。研究成果校核了平面应变假定在桩基扭转振动理论研究中的合理运用,为进一步了解桩土耦合振动的内在机理提供理论支持。  相似文献   

Molecular fossil and paleovegetation records of paleosol S4 and adjacent loess layers in the Luochuan loess section, NW China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Zhang HuCai  Yang MingSheng  Zhang WenXiang  Lei GuoLiang  Chang FengQin  Pu Yang  Fan HongFang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(3):321-330

Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique, a series of biomarkers were identi- fied, including n-alkanes, n-alkane-2-ones, isoprenoid etc. from the loess-paleosol samples collected from the S4 and adjacent L5, L4 of the Luochuan loess section, Northwestern China. Based on these data, especially n-alkanes and high-resolution magnetic susceptibility and grain size data, the pa- leoenvironment and paleovegetation history during S4 was reconstructed. The CPI (Carbon Predomi- nance Index) and correlation between n-alkanes and magnetic susceptibility and grain size data dem- onstrated that the molecular fossils in paleosol and loess layers can reflect the vegetation condition during the loess-paleosol formation, if the allochthonous organic inputs could be excluded reasonably. The ACL (average chain length) index is correlated well with paleomagnetic susceptibility and grain size variations, displaying their good synchrony with warm and humid climate. However, it relatively lagged behind the paleomagnetic susceptibility and the grain size variations when the climate began to deteriorate. During the formation period of paleosol, the n-alkanes was dominated by C31 homologue, indicating that the primary organic input originated from herbs. Our study also demonstrated that the herbs were more flourish than wood plants in Loess Plateau, especially in the Luochuan area during the warm and humid phase, and there was no typical forest vegetation developed in the studied period.  相似文献   

Dynamic simulation of interactions between major earthquakes on the Xianshuihe fault zone   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hui Wang  Jie Liu  YaoLin Shi  Huai Zhang  GuoMin Zhang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2008,51(10):1388-1400

The authors firstly evaluate the strain accumulation rate of the Xianshuihe fault zone based on earth- quake activity. We calculated the stress and seismic moment accumulation rate for each subsection of the Xianshuihe fault zone based on the distribution of geological slip rate and GPS survey results. According to the results, we get the recurrence intervals of characterized earthquakes on each sub- section respectively. A three-dimensional finite element model for western Sichuan is constructed to discuss the earthquakes triggering among major earthquakes (M>6.7) that occurred along the Xianshuihe fault zone since 1893. The calculated Coulomb failure stress changes (ΔCFS) show that 5 of the 6 earthquakes with Ms>6.7 were triggered by positive ΔCFS. The interactions between major earthquakes not only influence recurrence intervals of characterized earthquakes on each subsection, but also change recurrence behavior of major earthquakes along the whole fault zone.  相似文献   

莺歌海盆地异常裂后沉降的动力学机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔涛  解习农  任建业  张成 《地球科学》2008,33(3):349-356

为了理解莺歌海盆地形成与演化的动力过程, 用回剥法和应变速率反演方法对该区的钻井和地层剖面资料进行了研究.研究结果表明莺歌海盆地观测得到的裂后沉降和模拟预测的理论裂后沉降结果存在较大差异, 其中在西北部为300~500 m, 中部和东南部为900~1200 m, 其异常裂后沉降明显呈现向东南和向海方向递大的趋势.地幔对流模型预测的结果表明, 20 Ma以来南海北部边缘的动力地貌沉降量为300 m, 因此, 莺歌海盆地裂后异常沉降在300 m左右的地区可以用动力地貌沉降机理来解释, 但是盆地中部和东南部的巨厚的异常沉降远大于动力地貌沉降量, 它是自晚中新世以来盆缘断层的右旋走滑作用、裂后热回沉和动力地貌沉降共同作用的结果.   相似文献   

应变局部化弹黏塑性分析的内嵌局部软化带模型     

刘金龙  陈胜宏  解家毕  鲍轶洲 《岩土力学》2008,29(3):823-827

针对岩土介质结构在破坏过程中局部化变形的问题,结合位移不连续的思想,提出内嵌局部软化带模型来捕捉结构中的局部化带。通过虚功原理建立了含局部化带影响的弹黏塑性的有限元计算模式,其中分叉理论作为局部化判断条件。模型将局部化带的形成视为一个黏塑性屈服流动过程,从而能够连续地描述局部化变形前后的力学性质。特点是计算量小、物理意义明确,可以方便地整合到传统有限元分析程序中。算例表明,计算模型是合理和有效的。  相似文献   

路堤侧向变形性状及预测模型研究     

余闯  刘松玉 《岩土力学》2008,29(5):1305-1309

结合大量实测资料和已有的研究成果,分析了路堤荷载作用下水平向应变随深度的变化规律,得出了侧向变形沿深度呈“弓”型分布的变化规律;提出了符合该变化规律的预测模型及参数求解方法,模型中a、b和c等3个待定参数能简单地求出。工程实践表明,该预测模型不仅反映了侧向变形随深度的变化规律,且有一定的精度,能反映出最大侧向变形发生的位置,应用效果良好。  相似文献   

基于亚像素角点检测的试样变形图像测量方法   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

邵龙潭  董建军  刘永禄  孙益振 《岩土力学》2008,29(5):1329-1333

作为一种数字图像测量方法,亚像素角点检测能够在数字图像中可以发现角点的亚像素精度的位置（简称亚像素角点检测方法）。在土工三轴试验中应用该方法使得试样的变形测量更加简便。通过使用高精度标定板,对该数字图像测量方法进行了精度分析,结果表明亚像素角点检测方法的轴向和径向测量的标准差都达到了0.02个像素,相对测量精度达到10-4数量级。在三轴压缩试验条件下,同时使用高精度位移传感器和该测量方法对小变形的干性试样进行了变形测量,证明亚像素角点检测方法对试样变形的测量结果是精确可靠的。  相似文献   

考虑破碎的堆石料颗粒流数值模拟   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

刘君  刘福海  孔宪京 《岩土力学》2008,29(Z1):107-112

以双江口300 m级高土石坝为工程背景,根据有关资料的试验数据,利用二维颗粒流计算机仿真技术对堆石料在一定围压下的颗粒破碎情况进行了数值模拟,数值试样由2 574个簇颗粒单元组成。数值模拟与室内平面应变试验结果对比表明,用选定的细观参数进行数值模拟与平面应变试验结果基本一致,说明用颗粒流方法进行数值模拟能够较好的再现堆石料的颗粒破碎特性。与室内试验相比,数值仿真模拟还能得到颗粒破碎的细观演化规律和破碎带的分布范围,从而为进一步建立考虑颗粒破碎的堆石坝本构模型,研究大坝填筑、水库蓄水过程以及地震情况下的颗粒破碎过程以及颗粒破碎所引起的坝体变形提供了一条途径。  相似文献